Green Regulations and Developmental Responses

Impacts and Strategies for the Global South

This project is part of Green Transitions

Environmental trade regulations are reshaping the conditions for access to international markets, with far-reaching implications for the development trajectories of countries in the Global South. These measures raise costs by introducing new standards and technological requirements that key export sectors must meet to sustain growth and generate jobs. At the same time, they create opportunities to drive a sustainability-oriented productive transformation through the strategic use of natural capital.

Yet the impacts—and the capacity to respond—vary greatly across countries. Many economies in the Global South face serious barriers to adaptation: rising compliance costs, limited infrastructure for traceability and monitoring, and persistent institutional and technological gaps. Without targeted policy action, these new rules risk deepening existing structural asymmetries, particularly in a context marked by geopolitical tensions and green protectionism. The challenge, then, is to design responses that transform regulatory pressure into a lever for sustainable development. 

This project aims to generate evidence on the effects of new green trade regulations in the Global South and to identify policy strategies that enable fair and transformative adaptation. By analyzing emerging measures—such as the EU’s Regulation on Deforestation-Free Products (EUDR) and the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM)—together with case studies from countries rich in natural resources and innovative capacity, the project will map critical capabilities, assess risks, and develop recommendations for industrial, technological, and environmental policies that can foster more sustainable and resilient development pathways.

The project delivers applied knowledge that is urgently needed by governments and productive sectors. In particular, it seeks to answer key questions such as:

 

  • What concrete impacts will regulations like the EUDR and CBAM have on exports?

  • What public policies can turn regulatory pressure into opportunities for sustainable development?

  • What strategies are emerging to secure an active role for the Global South in shaping international environmental trade governance?

Background

Team

MARÍA VICTORIA ARIAS MAHIQUES

Lawyer from the UNS, specialist in Environmental Law from the UBA, diploma in Climate Change from the UNQ – UNJu and master’s degree in Energy from the UBA.

PABLO DE LA VEGA

Bachelor’s degree, master’s degree and PhD candidate at the UNLP. His areas of interest include economic development, the future of work, inequality and climate change.

JULIETA ZELICOVICH

PhD in International Relations from the UNR and Master’s Degree in International Trade Relations from the UNTREF.

FRANCO MENDOZA

 

Bachelor’s degree in international trade from the UNQ and is pursuing a master’s degree in economics from the UNLP. His areas of interest are innovation economics and environmental sustainability.

ANTONIA FIRPO

Bachelor’s degree in Political Science and Government from UTDT. Her areas of interest include foreign policy on trade and environmental issues, and sustainable development.

MARÍA FERNANDA VILLAFAÑE

Bachelor’s degree in Economics from UNaM and is pursuing a master’s degree in Economics from UNLP. Her areas of interest include macroeconomics, sustainable development, and public policy.

This project is part of Green Transitions