{"id":15354,"date":"2024-03-21T12:40:46","date_gmt":"2024-03-21T15:40:46","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/fund.ar\/publicacion\/electromobility-transition-policies-in-middle-income-countries\/"},"modified":"2024-04-23T13:04:09","modified_gmt":"2024-04-23T16:04:09","slug":"electromobility-transition-policies-in-middle-income-countries","status":"publish","type":"publicacion","link":"https:\/\/fund.ar\/en\/publicacion\/electromobility-transition-policies-in-middle-income-countries\/","title":{"rendered":"Electromobility transition policies in middle-income countries"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"15354\" class=\"elementor elementor-15354 elementor-14244\" data-elementor-post-type=\"publicacion\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-61fc360 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"61fc360\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-97b58e3\" data-id=\"97b58e3\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-33b5498 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"33b5498\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Electromobility is a booming industry globally and Argentina has the opportunity to enter this growing market. It has a traditional automotive industry and lithium, the raw material for batteries. But the road to this change in the industry is not paved. To move in this direction, Argentina must look at countries with similar conditions and define what measures to take. Below we outline critical routes for the local electromobility industry based on case studies of Mexico, Brazil, Poland, Thailand and Indonesia.<\/strong><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c19e286 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c19e286\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4beec99\" data-id=\"4beec99\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a3c23c9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a3c23c9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Illustration: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/nanni.dg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Micaela Nanni<\/a><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-995ebca elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"995ebca\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f8f164c\" data-id=\"f8f164c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-38ebd2e elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"38ebd2e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9368fdd elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"9368fdd\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1375517\" data-id=\"1375517\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c0af989 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c0af989\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">An opportunity for the Argentinean automotive industry<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-797fd39 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"797fd39\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9ec127e\" data-id=\"9ec127e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c8a25b7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"c8a25b7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e41357d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e41357d\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-96fb847\" data-id=\"96fb847\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a5daac elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5a5daac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>The race towards electromobility has grown globally<\/b><\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-808b9e9 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"808b9e9\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7ec7954\" data-id=\"7ec7954\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d6d452d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d6d452d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span>The race to develop electromobility has accelerated globally in recent years. It has mainly focused on high-income countries (Europe and the United States) and large emerging economies (China and India). But this race was also driven in other regions such as Eastern Europe, South East Asia and, to a lesser extent, Latin America;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Middle-income countries with a traditional automotive industry are struggling to find their place. Argentina is part of this group of nations for which the transition to electromobility represents an opportunity to make a &#8220;leap to green development&#8221;. But, so far, our country has not deployed a clear production strategy. The possibility of making this leap presents today more questions than answers;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>The opportunity to join these global value chains requires the implementation of specific industrial policy instruments. It also requires considering the structural characteristics that explain each country&#8217;s position.<\/span><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-188aecf elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"188aecf\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-583e192\" data-id=\"583e192\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-589120b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"589120b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Global electric car sales also increased<\/b><\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-07ce144 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"07ce144\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3d9ef36\" data-id=\"3d9ef36\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f86e311 elementor-widget elementor-widget-shortcode\" data-id=\"f86e311\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"shortcode.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shortcode\"><div class=\"flourish-embed flourish-chart\" data-src=\"visualisation\/17222846\"><script src=\"https:\/\/public.flourish.studio\/resources\/embed.js\"><\/script><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-23e8d88 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"23e8d88\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0a47df8\" data-id=\"0a47df8\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f85484c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f85484c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">They grew from 130,000 units in 2012 to more than 10 million in 2022. Although they still account for less than 15% of annual car sales, they increased more than threefold over 2020 and each year they exceed the previous year&#8217;s projection. In fact, by 2030, electric vehicle (EV) sales are projected to account for 35% of the global total. This trend is evidence that technological change is hard to stop. <\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-378b953 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"378b953\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-285917c\" data-id=\"285917c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-443f7f1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-shortcode\" data-id=\"443f7f1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"shortcode.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shortcode\"><div class=\"flourish-embed flourish-chart\" data-src=\"visualisation\/17256011\"><script src=\"https:\/\/public.flourish.studio\/resources\/embed.js\"><\/script><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-8388e22 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"8388e22\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b2f6c38\" data-id=\"b2f6c38\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-76db936 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"76db936\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In Latin American countries, the transition to electromobility is still in its infancy. Although the number of sales grew at an exponential rate, its weight in global sales is still marginal (0.27%). Brazil and Mexico lead the regional market. Far behind is Argentina with only 365 units sold in 2022.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-dc47dfc elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"dc47dfc\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-cc8c0ce\" data-id=\"cc8c0ce\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4885da0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"4885da0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-83a9e42 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"83a9e42\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-21d33fa\" data-id=\"21d33fa\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-167eba1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"167eba1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">The transition to electromobility: from technology adoption to production transformation<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9d09d77 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"9d09d77\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a34fa0f\" data-id=\"a34fa0f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4a6c7a1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4a6c7a1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span>The transition to electric vehicle production is a risky and costly for the traditional automotive industry. It requires a radical change in production technologies. It repositions companies and countries and allows for the emergence of new competitors. This creates threats of displacement, the need for adaptations of many of the established players, and great uncertainty.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>The different speeds at which each country faces this transition can be explained by looking at the different starting points. These differences can be explained by various factors, such as the type of specialisation of their automotive industry, the form of insertion in global value chains, and the existing capacities to implement productive policies for the sector, among others.<\/span><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e0c4101 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e0c4101\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9c70886\" data-id=\"9c70886\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e164e4e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"e164e4e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Transition policies in middle-income countries<\/b><\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-041734a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"041734a\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6a37578\" data-id=\"6a37578\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-273a2a2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"273a2a2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"715\" src=\"https:\/\/fund.ar\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/FU_GraficosWeb_Electromovilidad-Mapa-1.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-14318\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/fund.ar\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/FU_GraficosWeb_Electromovilidad-Mapa-1.png 874w, https:\/\/fund.ar\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/FU_GraficosWeb_Electromovilidad-Mapa-1-300x268.png 300w, https:\/\/fund.ar\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/FU_GraficosWeb_Electromovilidad-Mapa-1-768x686.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e5d4c13 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e5d4c13\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c1d8660\" data-id=\"c1d8660\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1cae82d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1cae82d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span>Argentina is in the group of countries that have a traditional automotive industry with some degree of export orientation, are highly dependent on multinational terminals and are less able to make a technological transition. These countries are seeking to maintain the competitiveness of the sector, while at the same time dealing with the tensions of defining their transition strategies to sustainable mobility.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>To identify ways to promote the growth of electromobility, we analysed the main policy instruments used by five countries in similar situations: Thailand, Indonesia, Brazil, Mexico and Poland.<\/span><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2e821c0 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2e821c0\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-cf10d3f\" data-id=\"cf10d3f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0b7ff89 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0b7ff89\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Strategies to be developed are influenced by the target markets<\/b><\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-254c4fe elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"254c4fe\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e82924f\" data-id=\"e82924f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2256a1b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2256a1b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Broadly speaking, in the five countries analysed, the transition towards electric car production is conditioned, on the one hand, by a high dependence on the strategies of multinational terminals to distribute their production and investments and, on the other hand, by a limited role of states in influencing these corporate decisions with incentives to attract foreign direct investment.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3b19404 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3b19404\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-39256a4\" data-id=\"39256a4\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bdb3afb elementor-widget elementor-widget-shortcode\" data-id=\"bdb3afb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"shortcode.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shortcode\"><div class=\"flourish-embed flourish-chart\" data-src=\"visualisation\/17256199\"><script src=\"https:\/\/public.flourish.studio\/resources\/embed.js\"><\/script><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-17e3f0e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"17e3f0e\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0699801\" data-id=\"0699801\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3044330 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3044330\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span>In all the countries analysed, part of the automotive production is destined for the foreign market. This is an important factor because the higher the export share, the greater the influence of what happens in the target markets on the speed and technological trend of the local transition.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Poland, Mexico and Thailand are countries whose industries are heavily driven by the European, North American and Southeast Asian markets, respectively. In Indonesia and Brazil, on the other hand, the strategy adopted by their automotive industry will be strongly influenced by what their own markets define.<\/span><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3619486 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3619486\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ccff9d9\" data-id=\"ccff9d9\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-242f553 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"242f553\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Main features of implemented policies<\/b><\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-bd024ae elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"bd024ae\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c4ee5d5\" data-id=\"c4ee5d5\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a0abeee elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a0abeee\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>In Southeast Asia, Thailand and Indonesia<\/b><span> aim to lead the <\/span><span>EMV markets in the region. In both cases, their states played a strong role in implementing policies to promote EV production and demand.<\/span><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Within Eastern Europe, Poland<\/b><span> sought to play a more active role in the transition to electromobility than the other countries in the region through <\/span><span>domestic EV production projects. <\/span><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>In Latin American countries<\/b>, policies to promote the sector are lagging. <b>Mexico and Brazil<\/b> are receiving increasing foreign investment to produce EVs. However, so far, their states have played a limited role in promoting local production capacities. This difficulty in moving forward highlights the tension between accelerating the transition and the risks it creates for traditional automotive industry actors.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-386a01b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"386a01b\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f4047ca\" data-id=\"f4047ca\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ed7f7f elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"3ed7f7f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-96a831e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"96a831e\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ad45db3\" data-id=\"ad45db3\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5c443de elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5c443de\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Critical routes for the local electromobility industry<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9df9740 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"9df9740\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8357b92\" data-id=\"8357b92\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d4a4100 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"d4a4100\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-baaa2ee elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"baaa2ee\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-192e3e5\" data-id=\"192e3e5\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-46adfd5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"46adfd5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Where do we stand? Challenges to transition<\/b><\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d35d06b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d35d06b\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c624430\" data-id=\"c624430\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ab9ca2d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ab9ca2d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Argentina as a middle-income country, with a low domestic market scale, no geographical proximity to countries with a high demand for this type of vehicle, and a traditional automotive industry that has been losing productive and technological capacities, faces serious challenges to undertake this reconversion.<\/p>\n<p><span>On the one hand, Argentina&#8217;s traditional automotive industry is facing major difficulties. Between 2012 and 2022, total vehicle production contracted by 30%. At the same time, the auto parts sector has suffered from company closures and job losses, while the surviving domestic companies are increasingly supplying standard and low-complexity components;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>On the other hand, Argentina&#8217;s automotive industry is focused on the foreign market. Brazil is the main export destination with 65% of exports in 2022. The delay in the electrification of transport in Brazil and the weight of the use of biofuels limits the progress of EV production on a larger scale in Argentina. In turn, this makes it difficult for local subsidiaries to win investments within their multinational organisations if there is no demand (local or external) for these products.<\/span><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1354a6a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1354a6a\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7e1b778\" data-id=\"7e1b778\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b0bbd68 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b0bbd68\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Lessons for Argentina on Policy Instruments<\/b><\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7e90205 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7e90205\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-64621f3\" data-id=\"64621f3\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-787f7fe elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"787f7fe\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span>On the one hand, Argentina has so far not defined a clear strategy for the electromobility sector. There are several plans developed by different ministries that define lines of action and goals for the sector. However, a comprehensive and focused policy on the productive transition towards electric vehicles has not yet been established;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>On the other hand, the country&#8217;s position as a lithium producer raises debates around local battery manufacturing and puts the focus on the presence of the resource without addressing its potential link to the electromobility sector;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>In the following, the main lessons are drawn for the policy dimensions analysed considering the Argentinean context around the electromobility sector;<\/span><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b9ba960 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b9ba960\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-26fb3d5\" data-id=\"26fb3d5\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-27cd49b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"27cd49b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><b>Brazil<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Mexico<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Thailand<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Indonesia<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Poland<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Argentina<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"6\"><b>1. Technology transition goals<\/b><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span>Prohibition targets<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><span> \u2713 2035<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span>Sales targets<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><span>\u2713<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span>Production targets<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><span>\u2713<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span>\u2713<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span>\u2713<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span>Stock targets<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><span>\u2713<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span>\u2713<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"6\"><b>2. Economic incentives for EV production<\/b><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span>Reduction of import tariffs on capital goods and critical components<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><span>\u2713<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span>\u2713<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span>Income tax reduction<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><span>\u2713<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span>\u2713<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span>\u2713<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span>Direct investment subsidies<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><span>\u2713<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"6\"><b>3. Economic incentives for EV demand<\/b><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span>Excise and goods tax reduction<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span>\u2713<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span>\u2713<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span>\u2713<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span>\u2713<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span>\u2713<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span>Reduction of tariffs on imports of complete vehicles<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span>\u2713<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span>\u2713<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span>\u2713<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span>Direct subsidies for the purchase of electric vehicles<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span>\u2713<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><span>\u2713<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><span>\u2713<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"6\"><b>4. Freight infrastructure development<\/b><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span>Definition of goals<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><span>\u2713<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span>\u2713<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><span>\u2713<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span>Marketing regulations<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><span>\u2713<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span>Economic incentives (tax exemptions and direct subsidies for purchase)<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><span>\u2713<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><span>\u2713<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span>Public enterprises (financing for direct investments)<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><span>\u2713<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span>\u2713<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>5. Cell and battery manufacturing<\/b><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span>Public funding<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><span>\u2713<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span>\u2713<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span>Public companies<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><span>\u2713<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span>\u2713<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><span>\u2713<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2c6b604 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2c6b604\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5adf664\" data-id=\"5adf664\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9f2baf7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9f2baf7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Coordinating the definition of transition goals<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-8f4fa55 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"8f4fa55\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-252961b\" data-id=\"252961b\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e127728 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e127728\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span>Of the four types of targets that are usually set, in Argentina, there are only <\/span>EV stock targets which<span> were defined by different national ministries. This lack of coordination makes it difficult to establish a coherent and comprehensive strategy, leads to possible overlapping of actions and resources, and undermines the credibility of these goals. In turn, these targets mustn&#8217;t be only linked to environmental objectives but also take into account other dimensions such as EV production or charging infrastructure.<\/span><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6e5a13b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6e5a13b\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a359c05\" data-id=\"a359c05\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-17a5372 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"17a5372\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Promoting and targeting economic incentives for EV supply and demand<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0d58db9 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0d58db9\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-86b3dfc\" data-id=\"86b3dfc\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-25f05be elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"25f05be\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span>Economic incentives for both the supply and demand of EVs are a frequently used policy instrument for the promotion of niche markets and the early commercial adoption of EVs. So far, Argentina does not have such incentives either;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>The experience of the countries analysed shows that the implementation of economic incentives is accompanied by targeting or segmentation. An example could be buses or light commercial vehicles, a segment where Argentina has been specialising, mainly in the case of <\/span><i><span>pick-ups <\/span><\/i><span>medium-sized<\/span><span> buses<\/span>.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a2b5dc7 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a2b5dc7\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-34a9962\" data-id=\"34a9962\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-347c06e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"347c06e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Promoting public-private partnerships for the development of electricity charging infrastructure<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-14b956c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"14b956c\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-31822ea\" data-id=\"31822ea\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-18b1af0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"18b1af0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span>Taking into account that public electric charging infrastructure in the country is incipient and that this is a fundamental condition to incentivise the use (and purchase) of EVs in the country, it is relevant to implement strategies for its development;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Freight infrastructure is costly to install and maintain, so it is beneficial to promote public-private partnerships and to focus the development of this infrastructure on specific market segments.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>As a complement, partnerships of state-owned companies (such as YPF) with automotive terminals could be promoted, following the Southeast Asian model, where state-owned oil and power companies are playing a key role in the extension of the charger network.<\/span><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-dac9cd0 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"dac9cd0\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8a97869\" data-id=\"8a97869\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-55c7326 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"55c7326\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Promoting significant R&amp;D efforts for cell and battery manufacturing<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3fead07 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3fead07\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-dfd53ff\" data-id=\"dfd53ff\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-279ece3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"279ece3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span>Lithium is a key input for the production of lithium-ion battery cells and Argentina has 10.4% of the world&#8217;s total reserves. However, the factors that determine the success of battery production go beyond the presence of the input. Achieving<\/span><span>\u00a0profitability in the manufacture of cells and batteries requires scale and cutting-edge technology. <\/span><span>Argentina is a late entrant to an advanced technological race that requires significant R&amp;D efforts, especially in the highly competitive electromobility segment.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Public companies can play a key role. An example of this is the project deployed by YPF with Y-TEC and the UNLP. The biggest challenge for projects like this will be to reach strategic alliances with leading companies in the segment that will allow them to scale industrially, obtain financing and position themselves as a supply option for the domestic and regional market.<\/span><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-56c901d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"56c901d\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0be526f\" data-id=\"0be526f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0dc68ee elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0dc68ee\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Designing a specialised institution<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-8145cf8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"8145cf8\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f943cd\" data-id=\"6f943cd\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7f9567a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7f9567a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The experience of countries such as Thailand shows the importance of having a public-private institution specific to the automotive sector. This entity should be made up of strategic actors in the sector and should have the technical and political capacity to design and implement the necessary policies to address the challenges faced by companies in the face of increasing technological changes in the industry. <\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e9e8678 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e9e8678\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-90a2720\" data-id=\"90a2720\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-74d5eb9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"74d5eb9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Defining an international insertion strategy<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c6b5e54 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c6b5e54\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ae42c3d\" data-id=\"ae42c3d\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9e75c20 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9e75c20\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">New policies need to be framed within a clear strategy of international insertion. This implies promoting and strengthening trade agreements that facilitate access to external markets. In this way, they will be able to overcome the initial restrictions of scale of the Argentine domestic market, and even those of Mercosur itself. A first and fundamental step would be to define a specialisation strategy, in complementarity with Brazil, and to translate it into concrete measures.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"featured_media":14247,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"tipo":[154],"serie":[205],"desafios":[128,246],"agendas":[244,13,250,252],"class_list":["post-15354","publicacion","type-publicacion","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","tipo-working-document","serie-the-road-towards-electromobility","desafios-desarrollo-productivo","desafios-sustainable-productive-growth","agendas-desarrollo-sostenible","agendas-mineria","agendas-productive-policy-and-sector-analysis","agendas-sustainable-development"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.5 - 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