{"id":12368,"date":"2023-12-15T11:58:27","date_gmt":"2023-12-15T14:58:27","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/fund.ar\/publicacion\/popular-economy-of-buenos-aires-city\/"},"modified":"2024-03-19T13:50:05","modified_gmt":"2024-03-19T16:50:05","slug":"popular-economy-of-buenos-aires-city","status":"publish","type":"publicacion","link":"https:\/\/fund.ar\/en\/publicacion\/popular-economy-of-buenos-aires-city\/","title":{"rendered":"Skills and Career Paths in Popular Economy of the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"12368\" class=\"elementor elementor-12368 elementor-12213\" data-elementor-post-type=\"publicacion\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-8538418 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"8538418\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f4eaf0f\" data-id=\"f4eaf0f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-317926c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"317926c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Who live in the poor neighborhoods of the City of Buenos Aires? What do they do? What is the job they have access to? Under what conditions does it develop? What is the popular economy? A survey on the labor trajectories of those who live in working class neighborhoods to understand how it works and what are the characteristics of the working class economy in the City of Buenos Aires.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-349990d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"349990d\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e7365f6\" data-id=\"e7365f6\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8cfc917 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8cfc917\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Illustration: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/julialvarezilus\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Juli \u00c1lvarez<\/a>.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f55ee91 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f55ee91\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3e202d9\" data-id=\"3e202d9\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7afa96 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"b7afa96\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-dffe5a1 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"dffe5a1\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-965747f\" data-id=\"965747f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f359278 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f359278\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><b>Fundar, together with Eduardo Levy Yeyati and the <\/b><b><i>Centro para la Evaluaci\u00f3n de Pol\u00edticas Basadas en Evidencia <\/i><\/b><b>(Center for the Evaluation of Evidence-Based Policies or CEPE) of the Torcuato Di Tella University, carried out a mapping of the labor skills and career paths of individuals in the popular economy of the City of Buenos Aires for the Ministry of Human Development and Habitat of the Government of the City of Buenos Aires. <\/b><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2b12b2d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2b12b2d\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-91200fe\" data-id=\"91200fe\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13d72ce elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"13d72ce\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-865cfbb elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"865cfbb\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-64fbeea\" data-id=\"64fbeea\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f4ef07 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6f4ef07\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">About the research<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-dd57a9d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"dd57a9d\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b41883c\" data-id=\"b41883c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f0255d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1f0255d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The research consisted of:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">An <\/span><b>original 79-question survey<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> designed to:<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Identify eligible individuals within the surveyed household (those currently or previously employed by the popular economy);<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Randomly select the person to be surveyed from among the eligible individuals in the household;<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Survey their current employment situation;\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Survey the level of subjective satisfaction based on different aspects of their current job;\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Survey a set of the individual\u2019s job skills;\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Survey their career paths and the level of satisfaction with their previous occupation;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Survey career education through courses and training, and interest in taking new courses.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>survey of 1800 cases<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> was carried out with a probabilistic sample of the target population in informal housing neighborhoods of the City of Buenos Aires (communes 4, 7, 8 and 9) and the most vulnerable sectors of the same communes excluding informal housing neighborhoods, <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(i.e., the 33% of households with the highest percentage of unfulfilled basic needs according to the 2010 Census).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The subsequent <\/span><b>analysis and processing of the survey <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">to characterize the socioeconomic and labor situation, skills, subjective satisfaction, profiles and training of the popular economy population.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>An analysis of the career paths of the popular economy population based on the Permanent Household Survey <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(EPH) to analyze upward occupational mobility (people who have moved out of the popular economy).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>25 in-depth Interviews to target population <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">explored work histories, skills, and factors explaining upward occupational mobility in selected cases.<\/span><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-82169b8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"82169b8\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8778109\" data-id=\"8778109\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-97bcd22 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"97bcd22\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1a50224 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1a50224\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a781991\" data-id=\"a781991\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26bd536 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"26bd536\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Main findings<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-8b9f73a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"8b9f73a\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2d57551\" data-id=\"2d57551\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bfdf5a9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bfdf5a9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Occupation<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d754e17 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d754e17\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c0699c7\" data-id=\"c0699c7\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b62251d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b62251d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A closer look at the members of the popular economy by branch of activity and occupational category reveals that the most common occupations are fixed-point salespersons (in the &#8220;Popular trade and work in public spaces&#8221; segment), janitorial positions (in the &#8220;Personal services and other trades&#8221; segment), jobs in clothing and textile industry (in the &#8220;Manufacturing industry&#8221; segment) and bricklayer\/durner (in the &#8220;Construction&#8221; segment).<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Although cooperatives are usually considered an important sector of the popular economy, <\/span><b>less than 10% of respondents (in both informal housing and formal housing neighborhoods) reported working in a Cooperative as their main occupation.<\/b><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><b>We also found that the percentage of people who have ever been hired through an interview, selection process or application is low, <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">with a high preponderance of individuals getting jobs through personal contacts, referrals, or on their own.<\/span><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2178ccc elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2178ccc\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b8898ca\" data-id=\"b8898ca\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2ef01e1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2ef01e1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Skills<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-26a32a7 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"26a32a7\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-fee59a6\" data-id=\"fee59a6\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a419023 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a419023\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In terms of skills, <\/span><b>most survey respondents do not use tools in their current jobs, <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">with the number of workers using tools increasing with education level. When broken down by occupation, there are industries such as &#8220;Construction, social infrastructure, and environmental improvement&#8221; and &#8220;Manufacturing&#8221;, where most workers use tools.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><b>Most respondents lack computer skills or have very limited computer skills.<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Few respondents have used a computer on a regular basis in any of their jobs, and few have frequently used social media to promote their products.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>The vast majority of respondents reported that they had not completed any training, <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">with the most common courses being digital, cosmetology\/aesthetics, gastronomy, personal care, and electrical maintenance\/installations. However, nearly 80% of respondents were interested in taking courses or training in the future.<\/span><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f340ad8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f340ad8\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-65eb806\" data-id=\"65eb806\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-94024ed elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"94024ed\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Income and working conditions <\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e7676b4 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e7676b4\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f12905c\" data-id=\"f12905c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-02862fe elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"02862fe\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><b>The proportion of the population that is formally employed and whose employer pays the applicable payroll and social security taxes is quite low (14.3%). There is also a small number of individuals enrolled in the simplified individual tax regime (<\/b><b><i>monotributo<\/i><\/b><b>), but a very small number with labor risk insurance benefits (ART).<\/b><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><b>About 70.6% of the workers in the sample reported earning less than the minimum wage <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(about ARS 90,000 as of June 2023). The workers with the lowest average monthly compensation are in the \u201cRecovery, Recycling and Environmental Services\u201d segment, while those with the highest compensation work in \u201cTransportation and Warehousing\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><b>Most individuals with a government subsidy are beneficiaries of the <\/b><b><i>Potenciar Trabajo<\/i><\/b><b> program, and most program beneficiaries are required to perform some work in exchange for the benefit <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(60.2% report working in exchange for the benefit, while 17.1% report working and studying in exchange for the benefit).<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><b>Thirty-five percent of the surveyed population receives some form of subsidy, the most common being the Universal Child Allowance (AUH).<\/b><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><b>Most claim to be satisfied with their current job <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(their relationships with clients, bosses and colleagues are good, they do not have to commute long distances to get to work), <\/span><b>but they also consider their working day to be tiring and too long, and claim to be dissatisfied with their income.<\/b><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f96da9d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f96da9d\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-53dbee8\" data-id=\"53dbee8\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-03dd32c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"03dd32c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Career paths<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c8d5786 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c8d5786\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8c1a3ce\" data-id=\"8c1a3ce\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-73a7a78 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"73a7a78\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><b>Most respondents have had a previous job, but the percentage of those who report a previous job in the same sector is low.<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> In other words, job changes mainly involve a change in industry.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><b>Most respondents say they would like to change jobs. When it comes to choosing a new job, formality is what they value most.<\/b><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><b>Only 4% of the sample show upward occupational mobility, and they tend to be those with higher education or skills (71%) and predominantly residents of the city&#8217;s formal neighborhoods.<\/b><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><b>There are also few respondents with downward mobility (8% of the sample), most of them from informal housing neighborhoods and also in the higher-skilled segment (48%).<\/b><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-08b1f54 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"08b1f54\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0042b8d\" data-id=\"0042b8d\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-95266cb elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"95266cb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Segment characterization<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7cbba28 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7cbba28\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8414fa3\" data-id=\"8414fa3\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e26957f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e26957f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">We used machine learning techniques to recognize specific segments within the target population. In this way, we identified four segments (or clusters) that can be distinguished by their level of formal education, skills (trade skills, computer skills), previous job experience obtained through an application or interviews, and age range. We identified four groups:<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A first group, characterized by a majority with a trade and a higher average age;\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A second group of individuals with a higher level of education, younger age, computer skills and who have obtained jobs through interviews;\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A third group of older people, with no jobs and a lower education level;\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A fourth group, with a large number of young people, most of them without a high school degree.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Each of these segments presents important differences in terms of average reported income, access to employment programs and subsidies and interest in receiving training.<\/span><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"featured_media":11496,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"tipo":[154],"serie":[218],"desafios":[249],"agendas":[],"class_list":["post-12368","publicacion","type-publicacion","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","tipo-working-document","serie-data-for-development","desafios-shared-well-being"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>PopularEconomy of the city of Buenos Aires<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Survey of labor trajectories in popular neighborhoods to understand how the popular economy works and its characteristics.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" 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